309 lines
9.5 KiB
Python
309 lines
9.5 KiB
Python
import os
|
||
import shutil
|
||
import zipfile
|
||
import tarfile
|
||
import gzip
|
||
import fnmatch
|
||
from typing import Union, List, Optional
|
||
from pathlib import Path
|
||
|
||
|
||
class FileUtils:
|
||
"""
|
||
文件操作工具类
|
||
|
||
功能：
|
||
1. 文件/文件夹拷贝
|
||
2. 文件/文件夹删除
|
||
3. 文件/文件夹压缩 (zip, tar, gz)
|
||
4. 文件/文件夹解压
|
||
5. 文件查找
|
||
6. 文件校验
|
||
"""
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def copy(src: Union[str, Path], dst: Union[str, Path],
|
||
overwrite: bool = False, ignore_patterns: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> bool:
|
||
"""
|
||
拷贝文件或文件夹
|
||
|
||
:param src: 源路径
|
||
:param dst: 目标路径
|
||
:param overwrite: 是否覆盖已存在文件
|
||
:param ignore_patterns: 忽略的文件模式列表 (如 ['*.tmp', '*.log'])
|
||
:return: 是否成功
|
||
"""
|
||
src, dst = Path(src), Path(dst)
|
||
|
||
def _ignore(path, names):
|
||
ignored = set()
|
||
if ignore_patterns:
|
||
for pattern in ignore_patterns:
|
||
ignored.update(fnmatch.filter(names, pattern))
|
||
return ignored
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
if src.is_file():
|
||
if dst.exists():
|
||
if not overwrite:
|
||
return False
|
||
if dst.is_dir():
|
||
dst = dst / src.name
|
||
shutil.copy2(src, dst)
|
||
elif src.is_dir():
|
||
if dst.exists() and not overwrite:
|
||
return False
|
||
shutil.copytree(src, dst, ignore=_ignore if ignore_patterns else None,
|
||
dirs_exist_ok=overwrite)
|
||
return True
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"拷贝失败: {e}")
|
||
return False
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def delete(path: Union[str, Path], recursive: bool = False) -> bool:
|
||
"""
|
||
删除文件或文件夹
|
||
|
||
:param path: 要删除的路径
|
||
:param recursive: 是否递归删除文件夹
|
||
:return: 是否成功
|
||
"""
|
||
path = Path(path)
|
||
try:
|
||
if path.is_file():
|
||
path.unlink()
|
||
elif path.is_dir():
|
||
if recursive:
|
||
shutil.rmtree(path)
|
||
else:
|
||
path.rmdir()
|
||
return True
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"删除失败: {e}")
|
||
return False
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def compress(
|
||
src: Union[str, Path, List[Union[str, Path]]],
|
||
dst: Union[str, Path],
|
||
fmt: str = 'zip',
|
||
compression_level: int = 6
|
||
) -> bool:
|
||
"""
|
||
压缩文件或文件夹
|
||
|
||
:param src: 源路径(单个或多个)
|
||
:param dst: 目标压缩文件路径
|
||
:param fmt: 压缩格式 (zip, tar, gz)
|
||
:param compression_level: 压缩级别 (1-9)
|
||
:return: 是否成功
|
||
"""
|
||
src_list = [src] if not isinstance(src, list) else src
|
||
src_list = [Path(s) for s in src_list]
|
||
dst = Path(dst)
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
if fmt == 'zip':
|
||
with zipfile.ZipFile(dst, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED, compresslevel=compression_level) as zf:
|
||
for src_item in src_list:
|
||
if src_item.is_file():
|
||
zf.write(src_item, src_item.name)
|
||
elif src_item.is_dir():
|
||
for root, _, files in os.walk(src_item):
|
||
for file in files:
|
||
file_path = Path(root) / file
|
||
arcname = file_path.relative_to(src_item.parent)
|
||
zf.write(file_path, arcname)
|
||
elif fmt == 'tar':
|
||
with tarfile.open(dst, 'w:gz') as tf:
|
||
for src_item in src_list:
|
||
if src_item.is_file():
|
||
tf.add(src_item, arcname=src_item.name)
|
||
elif src_item.is_dir():
|
||
tf.add(src_item, arcname=src_item.name)
|
||
elif fmt == 'gz':
|
||
if len(src_list) > 1:
|
||
raise ValueError("gz格式只支持压缩单个文件")
|
||
with open(src_list[0], 'rb') as f_in:
|
||
with gzip.open(dst, 'wb', compresslevel=compression_level) as f_out:
|
||
shutil.copyfileobj(f_in, f_out)
|
||
else:
|
||
raise ValueError(f"不支持的压缩格式: {fmt}")
|
||
return True
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"压缩失败: {e}")
|
||
return False
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def decompress(
|
||
src: Union[str, Path],
|
||
dst: Union[str, Path] = None,
|
||
fmt: str = None
|
||
) -> bool:
|
||
"""
|
||
解压文件
|
||
|
||
:param src: 压缩文件路径
|
||
:param dst: 解压目标路径 (默认为当前目录)
|
||
:param fmt: 压缩格式 (自动检测如果为None)
|
||
:return: 是否成功
|
||
"""
|
||
src = Path(src)
|
||
dst = Path(dst) if dst else Path.cwd()
|
||
|
||
# 自动检测格式
|
||
if fmt is None:
|
||
if src.suffix == '.zip':
|
||
fmt = 'zip'
|
||
elif src.suffix == '.tar' or src.suffixes[-2:] == ['.tar', '.gz']:
|
||
fmt = 'tar'
|
||
elif src.suffix == '.gz':
|
||
fmt = 'gz'
|
||
else:
|
||
raise ValueError("无法自动识别压缩格式，请指定fmt参数")
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
dst.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
|
||
|
||
if fmt == 'zip':
|
||
with zipfile.ZipFile(src, 'r') as zf:
|
||
zf.extractall(dst)
|
||
elif fmt == 'tar':
|
||
with tarfile.open(src, 'r:*') as tf:
|
||
tf.extractall(dst)
|
||
elif fmt == 'gz':
|
||
with gzip.open(src, 'rb') as f_in:
|
||
output_path = dst / src.stem
|
||
with open(output_path, 'wb') as f_out:
|
||
shutil.copyfileobj(f_in, f_out)
|
||
else:
|
||
raise ValueError(f"不支持的压缩格式: {fmt}")
|
||
return True
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"解压失败: {e}")
|
||
return False
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def find_files(
|
||
root: Union[str, Path],
|
||
pattern: str = '*',
|
||
recursive: bool = True
|
||
) -> List[Path]:
|
||
"""
|
||
查找文件
|
||
|
||
:param root: 搜索根目录
|
||
:param pattern: 文件名模式 (如 '*.txt')
|
||
:param recursive: 是否递归搜索
|
||
:return: 匹配的文件路径列表
|
||
"""
|
||
root = Path(root)
|
||
matches = []
|
||
|
||
if recursive:
|
||
for path in root.rglob(pattern):
|
||
if path.is_file():
|
||
matches.append(path)
|
||
else:
|
||
for path in root.glob(pattern):
|
||
if path.is_file():
|
||
matches.append(path)
|
||
|
||
return matches
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def calculate_size(path: Union[str, Path]) -> int:
|
||
"""
|
||
计算文件或文件夹大小(字节)
|
||
|
||
:param path: 路径
|
||
:return: 大小(字节)
|
||
"""
|
||
path = Path(path)
|
||
if path.is_file():
|
||
return path.stat().st_size
|
||
elif path.is_dir():
|
||
return sum(f.stat().st_size for f in path.rglob('*') if f.is_file())
|
||
return 0
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def compare_files(
|
||
file1: Union[str, Path],
|
||
file2: Union[str, Path],
|
||
chunk_size: int = 8192
|
||
) -> bool:
|
||
"""
|
||
比较两个文件内容是否相同
|
||
|
||
:param file1: 文件1路径
|
||
:param file2: 文件2路径
|
||
:param chunk_size: 读取块大小
|
||
:return: 是否相同
|
||
"""
|
||
file1, file2 = Path(file1), Path(file2)
|
||
|
||
if file1.stat().st_size != file2.stat().st_size:
|
||
return False
|
||
|
||
with open(file1, 'rb') as f1, open(file2, 'rb') as f2:
|
||
while True:
|
||
b1 = f1.read(chunk_size)
|
||
b2 = f2.read(chunk_size)
|
||
if b1 != b2:
|
||
return False
|
||
if not b1:
|
||
return True
|
||
|
||
@staticmethod
|
||
def get_md5(file_path: Union[str, Path], chunk_size: int = 8192) -> str:
|
||
"""
|
||
计算文件的MD5哈希值
|
||
|
||
:param file_path: 文件路径
|
||
:param chunk_size: 读取块大小
|
||
:return: MD5哈希值
|
||
"""
|
||
import hashlib
|
||
file_path = Path(file_path)
|
||
md5 = hashlib.md5()
|
||
|
||
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
|
||
while chunk := f.read(chunk_size):
|
||
md5.update(chunk)
|
||
return md5.hexdigest()
|
||
|
||
|
||
# 使用示例
|
||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
# 1. 拷贝示例
|
||
FileUtils.copy('source.txt', 'backup.txt')
|
||
FileUtils.copy('mydir', 'mydir_backup', ignore_patterns=['*.tmp'])
|
||
|
||
# 2. 删除示例
|
||
FileUtils.delete('backup.txt')
|
||
FileUtils.delete('mydir_backup', recursive=True)
|
||
|
||
# 3. 压缩示例
|
||
FileUtils.compress('mydir', 'mydir.zip')
|
||
FileUtils.compress(['file1.txt', 'file2.txt'], 'files.tar', fmt='tar')
|
||
|
||
# 4. 解压示例
|
||
FileUtils.decompress('mydir.zip', 'extracted')
|
||
|
||
# 5. 查找文件示例
|
||
txt_files = FileUtils.find_files('.', '*.txt')
|
||
print(f"找到的文本文件: {txt_files}")
|
||
|
||
# 6. 计算大小示例
|
||
size = FileUtils.calculate_size('mydir')
|
||
print(f"文件夹大小: {size} 字节")
|
||
|
||
# 7. 比较文件示例
|
||
same = FileUtils.compare_files('file1.txt', 'file2.txt')
|
||
print(f"文件是否相同: {same}")
|
||
|
||
# 8. 计算MD5示例
|
||
md5 = FileUtils.get_md5('file1.txt')
|
||
print(f"文件MD5: {md5}")
|